Process

How to prepare for fertility tests as a trans or non-binary person?

Preparing for fertility tests should begin with the selection of a specialized center with experience in caring for trans and non-binary people. It is advisable to research and contact clinics that offer inclusive services and whose professionals are trained in the specific needs of this population.

Before the appointment, it's helpful to gather information about the complete medical history, including details about any hormone therapy (type, dosage, duration), previous gender-affirming surgeries, and a family history of fertility problems. This information will help the specialist determine which tests are most appropriate and how to interpret the results.

For some specific tests such as semen analysis, it may be necessary to refrain from ejaculating 2-5 days before the sample is collected. In the case of hormonal evaluations, the doctor may recommend testing on specific days of the menstrual cycle for those who are still experiencing periods. People using hormone therapy may need Ask about fertility in advance to determine if a temporary break in treatment is recommended.

It's also important to prepare emotionally, as these tests can lead to gender dysphoria in some people. Considering the accompaniment of a trusted person or requesting psychological support can be beneficial during this process.

What is the typical procedure for performing these tests?

The procedure for performing fertility tests varies depending on the reproductive system present and the specific needs of each person. Usually, the process begins with an initial consultation where the specialist performs a comprehensive evaluation and designs a personalized evaluation plan.

For people with a reproductive system with ovaries, the process may include:

1. Blood tests to evaluate hormone levels (AMH, FSH, LH, estradiol)
2. Transvaginal or transabdominal ultrasound to determine the antral follicle count
3. Evaluation of uterine and tubal structure if considering future pregnancy

For people with reproductive systems with testicles, the process typically includes:

1. Semen analysis, which evaluates parameters such as concentration, motility and morphology
2. Hormone tests (testosterone, FSH, LH)
3. In some cases, specialized urological evaluation

The professionals of female fertility tests And Masculine adapt these procedures to minimize dysphoria, offering alternatives such as self-collection of samples in a private environment, use of less invasive imaging techniques when possible, and clear communication about each step of the process.

How are tests adapted to reduce gender dysphoria?

The adaptation of the fertility tests to reduce gender dysphoria is a fundamental aspect of affirmative health care. Specialized centers implement various strategies to create a more comfortable and respectful environment during these procedures.

For ultrasound, which can be particularly difficult for some people, options such as transabdominal rather than transvaginal ultrasound may be offered when medically feasible. Also, for those who require transvaginal ultrasound, some centers allow self-insertion of the transducer or the use of adapted sizes for greater comfort.

In terms of terminology, trained professionals use neutral or affirmative language, avoiding generic terms to refer to parts of the body or physiological processes when talking to the patient. For example, they may refer to “your uterus” or “your reproductive system” instead of using terms such as “female” or “male”. This practice is supported by guidelines from the World Association for Transgender Health (WPATH), which emphasize the importance of affirmative language in clinical settings.

The centers of transgender fertility they can also offer mild sedation for more invasive procedures, schedule appointments at times with a lower influx of patients for greater privacy, and ensure that all staff are trained in inclusive care, from receptionists to technicians and nurses.

Who are the ideal professionals to perform these tests?

The ideal professionals to perform fertility tests in trans and non-binary people are those with specific training in inclusive reproductive medicine and gender affirmative care. A multidisciplinary team usually offers the most comprehensive care, including:

1. Reproductive medicine specialists with experience in caring for LGBTQ+ people
2. Endocrinologists familiar with gender-affirming hormone therapies and their impact on fertility
3. Urologists or gynecologists with a focus on trans-affirmative reproductive health
4. Psychologists or counselors who specialize in supporting people during the fertility preservation process

Dr. Carlos Martínez, a specialist in reproductive medicine with a focus on diverse populations, points out: “The ideal professional not only has technical knowledge about fertility, but also cultural competence to understand the unique needs of trans and non-binary people, creating an environment where they can feel respected and understood” (Trusted Source).

It is advisable to look for professionals or clinics that explicitly mention inclusive services for LGBTQ+ people or who have certifications from organizations such as the Gay and Lesbian Education Network (GLSEN) or WPATH. Centres specialized in fertility treatments with a focus on diversity, they usually have specific protocols and trained personnel.

What rights do trans and non-binary people have in the medical context?

Trans and non-binary people have fundamental rights in the medical context that must be respected during fertility tests and any other health procedure. These include the right to receive respectful and discrimination-free health care, to be treated according to your gender identity, and to obtain full information about your reproductive options.

In Mexico, the General Health Law establishes that everyone has the right to receive quality medical care, with respect for their human rights. In addition, several federal entities have specific laws on gender identity that protect the right to decent treatment in health services. The CONAPRED (National Council for Preventing Discrimination) recognizes that denying medical services to trans people constitutes discrimination.

People have the right to have their names and pronouns identified with respected, even if they don't match their legal documents. They also have the right to confidentiality about their medical history, including their trans or non-binary status, and to receive clear explanations about how the procedures of transgender fertility can interact with your gender-affirming treatments.

If they face discrimination, individuals can file complaints with CONAPRED, the National Human Rights Commission, or appropriate state commissions. Some organizations such as the Mexican Association for LGBTI Equality also offer legal advice for cases of discrimination in health services.

Results

How are the results of fertility tests interpreted in trans people?

The interpretation of fertility results In trans people, a specialized approach is required that considers the effects of hormonal therapies and individual characteristics. The standard reference values used for cisgender populations may not be directly applicable due to physiological modifications caused by affirmative treatments.

For trans-female individuals (assigned male at birth) who have received estrogen therapy, semen analysis parameters may show significant alterations. Sperm production usually decreases as the time of hormone therapy increases, and concentration, motility and morphology values may be below typical ranges. However, this does not necessarily indicate permanent infertility, as spermatogenesis can be reactivated after temporary discontinuation of hormonal treatment.

In trans male people (assigned female at birth) who use testosterone, ovarian reserve values such as anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count may be affected. A study published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism indicates that AMH may decrease during testosterone therapy, but this reduction does not always accurately reflect actual fertility potential (Stevenson et al., 2023, Trusted Source).

Specialists in fertility tests additional factors such as the duration of hormone treatment, age at the start of therapy, and any previous breaks in treatment should be considered when interpreting the results.

What options are there after knowing the results?

After receiving the results of the fertility tests, trans and non-binary people may consider a variety of options depending on their reproductive potential and personal goals. These options generally fall into three main categories:

1. Fertility preservation: For those who want to maintain future reproductive options, there are methods such as egg freezing, sperm freezing O freezing of embryos. These procedures allow genetic material to be preserved before continuing with hormone therapy or surgery that could affect fertility.
2. Fertility treatments: If the results indicate certain reproductive potential and the person wishes to have biologically related children, there are options such as artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization O FIV-ICSI, adapted to specific needs.
3. Alternatives to Genetic Parenting: For those who cannot or do not want to use their genetic material, there are options such as IVF with donor eggs, use of donor sperm, adoption or surrogacy.

An important aspect to consider is the possibility of temporarily pausing hormone therapies to improve fertility. According to the American Society for Reproductive Medicine, many people can regain reproductive function after stopping hormonal treatment, although the time needed varies considerably between individuals.

In what cases is it recommended to preserve fertility before starting the transition?

La preservation of fertility It is ideally recommended before starting the medical transition for all trans and non-binary people who are considering having biological children in the future. However, there are certain cases in which this recommendation becomes particularly important:

1. Young people who start the transition early, as they will have longer exposure to hormone therapy, which can affect long-term fertility.
2. Those who plan to undergo surgery that will permanently remove or alter reproductive organs, such as orchiectomy, hysterectomy, or oophorectomy
3. People with pre-existing risk factors for fertility problems, such as a family history of premature ovarian failure, varicocele, or endocrine disorders.
4. Those who will be using high doses of hormone therapy or plan to continue treatment for long periods without interruption.

La preservation of fertility makes it possible to keep future reproductive options open regardless of how the transition evolves. According to guidelines from the World Association for Transgender Health (WPATH), all gender-affirming care providers should discuss fertility options before initiating medical interventions that may affect reproductive capacity.

What assisted reproductive technologies are most used by trans people?

Las assisted reproductive technologies (TRA) used by trans and non-binary people vary depending on their reproductive system, fertility status and family goals. Among the most commonly used are:

For trans-female individuals (assigned male at birth), sperm preservation through sperm freezing before starting hormone therapy is a common option. Subsequently, this sperm can be used in techniques such as intrauterine insemination or in vitro fertilization, depending on the situation of the partner or pregnant person. In cases where sperm quality is compromised, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) can be particularly useful.

For trans male individuals (assigned female at birth), options include egg freezing or embryos before starting testosterone or undergoing surgery. Some people choose to temporarily suspend testosterone to allow cycles of ovarian stimulation and egg retrieval. La frozen embryo transfer can be performed later in the person's uterus, if they have one, or in that of a surrogate partner or pregnant woman.

Specific techniques such as Reciprocal IVF or co-maternity may be relevant for couples where a trans male person provides eggs and their partner with a uterus is gestating. For couples of men where one is trans, cisgender male sperm and donor eggs with surrogacy can be used.

What is the success rate of fertility treatments for trans people?

Las success rates The number of fertility treatments for trans and non-binary people depends on multiple factors, including age, duration and type of hormone therapy received, whether there were pauses in treatment, and the method of assisted reproduction used. Specific research on outcomes in this population is limited, but the available data provide some important guidance.

For trans-female individuals (assigned male at birth) who have preserved sperm before starting hormone therapy, success rates are comparable to those of cisgender men, with approximately 30-60% chance of pregnancy per intrauterine insemination cycle and 40-70% per IVF cycle, depending on the age and health of the pregnant person. For those who have used feminizing hormone therapy and subsequently suspended treatment to recover spermatogenesis, a study in the Human Reproduction Journal found that approximately 65% managed to recover sperm production usable for assisted reproduction techniques within 6-12 months (Rodríguez et al., 2021, Trusted Source).

For trans male individuals (assigned female at birth), the success rates of preserving eggs before starting testosterone are similar to those of cisgender women of comparable age. However, for those who have used testosterone and subsequently discontinue treatment for ovarian stimulation, there is greater variability. Studies suggest recovery rates of 4-8 mature eggs per cycle (compared to 8-15 in cisgender women of similar age), with pregnancy rates per embryo transfer of approximately 25-45%.

It is important to note that these percentages represent averages and that individual results can vary significantly. Consultation with specialists in transgender fertility allows for more accurate estimates based on each person's specific situation.

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Support

What psychological resources are there to face the process?

The evaluation process of the Fertility and reproductive decision-making can create significant emotional challenges for trans and non-binary people. Fortunately, there are several psychological resources to support during this stage.

Individual therapy with professionals who specialize in trans health and reproductive medicine can provide a safe space for processing complex feelings related to fertility, gender dysphoria and family planning. Ideally, these therapists should have specific training in LGBTQ+ affirmative care and an understanding of the unique challenges that trans people face in medical settings.

Support groups, both in-person and virtual, connect people with similar experiences, reducing isolation and facilitating the exchange of practical information about inclusive clinics and strategies for navigating the health system. In Mexico, organizations such as the Association for Transgender Children and Trans Families Mexico offer specific groups for trans people interested in reproductive options.

The clinics of transgender fertility they often have trained reproductive counselors to support decision-making and provide guidance on the implications of different preservation and treatment options. This counseling can help align medical decisions with personal values and goals.

Educational resources such as specialized guides, webinars and informational materials adapted to the needs of trans people are also valuable tools for reducing anxiety associated with the unknown and empowering through knowledge.

How to find an inclusive fertility center?

Find a inclusive fertility center is essential to ensure a respectful and effective experience during tests and treatments. To identify clinics that offer affirmative care to trans and non-binary individuals, consider the following:

Look for centers that explicitly mention services for LGBTQ+ or trans people on their website and promotional materials. The inclusion of terms such as “gender-affirming care” or “inclusive services” can indicate a commitment to diversity. Check if the clinic shows symbols of inclusion such as the flag of pride, trans pride, or if it belongs to networks of certified LGBTQ+ providers.

Research the opinions and experiences of other trans people through community groups, online forums, or social media. Personal recommendations are often reliable indicators of quality of care. Organizations such as the Mexican Association for LGBTI Equality can provide references to centers with good practices.

Examine whether the center uses forms and inclusive documentation to record gender identity, preferred pronouns, and usage names, regardless of legal documentation. Truly inclusive centers train all their staff, from receptionists to specialists, in affirmative care and respectful language.

Feel free to contact the clinics directly to ask about their specific experience with trans and non-binary patients, protocols for reducing dysphoria during procedures, and if they have staff trained in trans health needs. A committed center will answer these questions in an open and detailed manner.

The location in areas with a strong presence of LGBTQ+ communities or the association with university hospitals that have trans health programs can be a good indicator of inclusive services. Specialists in transgender fertility they must demonstrate up-to-date knowledge about the effects of hormone therapies on fertility.

What organizations offer specific support for trans people on fertility issues?

Diverse organizations in Mexico and internationally, they provide specific support for trans and non-binary people on issues of fertility and reproductive rights. These resources can provide information, advice and community during the evaluation and treatment process.

At the national level, the Network for Sexual and Reproductive Rights in Mexico (DDESER) works to ensure equitable access to reproductive health services for diverse populations, including trans people. They offer adapted educational materials and references to sensitized professionals. The Trans Identity Support Center (CAIT) provides support and guidance for navigating the health system and accessing specialized services.

At the international level, Family Equality Council has specific resources on reproductive options for LGBTQ+ people, including guidelines on fertility preservation. WPATH (World Association for Transgender Health) provides professional guidelines on reproductive care for trans people and can help identify trained providers.

Online platforms such as MyTransHealth and RAD Remedy allow you to search for community-evaluated health providers, including fertility specialists with experience in caring for trans people. These databases can be particularly useful for locating centers of transgender fertility with good reviews.

Groups such as PFLAG and TransFamilias offer support spaces for both trans people and their families, providing information about reproductive options and connecting with others who have navigated similar processes. Peer support can be invaluable during complex fertility evaluation and decision-making processes.

How do you approach fertility conversations with your partner or family?

Approach Conversations about fertility with partners, family members or loved ones can be an important aspect of the process for many trans and non-binary people. These discussions require honesty, clarity, and consideration of diverse emotional perspectives.

To start these conversations, it's helpful to learn in advance about the options available and prepare basic information to share. Choosing a suitable time and place, without haste or distractions, facilitates a reflective dialogue on a topic that can be emotionally complex. Starting by expressing personal feelings and expectations sets a tone of openness.

When talking with the couple, it's important to jointly explore how fertility decisions align with the shared vision of the future. Discuss practical aspects such as costs, time and medical considerations of options such as egg freezing O sperm freezing allows you to make informed decisions. Open communication about how fertility preservation can affect the transition plan and vice versa facilitates mutual understanding.

For conversations with extended family, setting clear limits on what information you are willing to share and what aspects are private helps to have productive conversations. Not all families will react sympathetically initially, so preparing for diverse responses and considering the support of a family counselor can be beneficial.

Remember that these conversations are often not resolved in a single moment, but are part of an ongoing dialogue that evolves over time. Support groups for Women's couples O couples of men where one or both members are trans can offer proven strategies for navigating these discussions.

What emotional aspects should be considered during the process?

The evaluation process of the Fertility and reproductive decision-making can awaken a wide range of emotions for trans and non-binary people. Recognizing and addressing these emotional aspects is as important as addressing medical considerations.

La gender dysphoria may intensify during fertility tests, particularly those involving tests or procedures focused on primary sexual characteristics. This discomfort can manifest as anxiety, stress, or feelings of disconnection with one's own body. Working with professionals who understand this reality and employ strategies to minimize dysphoria is essential.

Many people experience complex feelings about their reproductive future, including grief over potential limitations, concern about how current decisions will affect future options, or anxiety about uncertain treatment costs and outcomes. Reproductive medicine specialist Dr. Carlos Martínez explains: “It's absolutely normal for trans people to experience ambivalence or fluctuating emotions during this process, especially when they must balance gender-affirming needs with reproductive desires” (Trusted Source).

For some people, there is also social or family pressure to make certain decisions, which can create additional stress. Setting healthy boundaries and seeking support from therapists who specialize in LGBTQ+ issues can help to process these pressures and clarify personal priorities.

The professionals of fertility treatments Inclusive people recognize that emotional support must be an integral part of the process, offering resources such as individual counseling, support groups or connections with people who have experienced similar experiences. Normalizing these emotional reactions and providing coping strategies are part of care focused on comprehensive well-being.

Community

What are the experiences shared in the trans community about fertility?

Las shared experiences fertility issues within the trans and non-binary communities reveal common patterns, although each story is unique and personal. Understanding these narratives can help those beginning the process feel less alone and more prepared for potential challenges.

A recurring theme is the tension between priorities of gender affirmation and fertility preservation. Many people describe feeling pressure to choose between starting hormone therapy immediately or delaying this step to preserve future reproductive options. This tradeoff can be particularly difficult for young people or those who experience severe dysphoria and seek urgent relief through affirmative medical treatment.

Numerous testimonies reflect the lack of specific information provided by health professionals. Often, trans people report having to research on their own or learn through community networks about fertility preservation options, as these issues were not adequately addressed during their initial medical care.

La health system navigation represents another common challenge, with experiences of microaggressions, incorrect use of pronouns or inappropriate terminology during medical appointments. However, there are also positive stories about centers of transgender fertility who have implemented inclusive protocols and whose staff demonstrate sensitivity and respect.

For many people, the financial aspects represent a significant barrier, since fertility preservation and assisted reproduction treatments can be expensive and are not always covered by health insurance. Community initiatives such as collective funds for fertility treatments reflect mutual support strategies in the face of these economic obstacles.

Are there differences in access depending on geographical location?

El access to fertility services for trans and non-binary people it varies significantly by geographic location, creating significant disparities in available care. These contrasts are observed both internationally and within Mexico.

In large urban areas such as Mexico City, Guadalajara and Monterrey, there is a greater concentration of specialists and centers with experience in caring for trans people. These metropolitan areas usually have clinics of transgender fertility specifically trained and established protocols for inclusive testing and treatment. Conversely, in rural areas or smaller cities, options may be limited or non-existent, forcing people to travel long distances to access specialized services.

Regional socioeconomic differences also impact access, since the costs of fertility treatments Like the egg freezing O sperm freezing can be prohibitive, especially considering that few insurers cover these procedures for preservation purposes.

The legal and political framework varies between federal entities, affecting the reproductive rights of trans people. States with more progressive gender identity laws, such as Mexico City, Michoacán or Jalisco, tend to have more accessible services and fewer administrative barriers. The Ministry of Health has established guidelines for comprehensive care for trans people, but their implementation is uneven across the country.

Telemedicine initiatives are beginning to close some of these gaps, allowing initial consultations and follow-up with fertility specialists without the need for travel. However, for procedures such as fertility tests and treatments, physical access is still essential.

What recent medical advances benefit trans people in terms of fertility?

Los medical advances in the field of fertility, the options available to trans and non-binary people have significantly expanded in recent years. These innovations allow for more personalized and less dysphoric approaches to fertility preservation and treatment.

The improvements in techniques of vitrification (ultrafast freezing) have increased the survival rates of eggs and embryos after thawing, causing the preservation of fertility be a more viable option for trans people before starting hormone therapy. Current success rates show that approximately 90-95% of eggs survive the vitrification process, compared to 50% using older techniques.

Optimized protocols for ovarian stimulation for trans male people, they now allow eggs to be obtained without the need for high doses of estrogen, potentially reducing the dysphoria associated with the process. These protocols can use aromatase inhibitors together with gonadotropins to stimulate follicular development while minimizing estrogenic effects.

Advances in sperm micromanipulation technology such as PICSI (selection of sperm by binding to hyaluronate) and IMSI (intracytoplasmic injection of morphologically selected spermatozoa) make it possible to work with lower quality sperm samples, benefiting transfeminine people who have used hormone therapy and have altered parameters in their semen analysis.

The research on in vitro maturation analysis of ovarian and testicular tissue offers promising prospects for the future. This technique would make it possible to preserve gonadal tissue before puberty or the start of hormonal therapy, to later mature gametes in the laboratory when it is desired to have children. Although still experimental, several research centers report significant advances that could especially benefit trans youth.

The development of specific protocols for the recovery of reproductive function after prolonged hormonal therapies also represents an important advance, providing evidence-based guidelines on how and when to temporarily discontinue treatment to maximize the chances of fertility recovery.

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Future

Where is reproductive medicine for trans people heading?

The field of reproductive medicine for trans and non-binary people it is evolving rapidly, with emerging trends that promise greater inclusion, personalized options and reduced barriers. These future directions reflect a growing commitment to affirmative care and the recognition of the specific needs of this population.

La specialized research on the long-term effects of hormonal therapies on fertility is expanding, which will allow the development of evidence-based guidelines on the preservation and recovery of reproductive function. This includes longitudinal studies that follow trans people for years to better understand how different hormonal regimes affect fertility and which interventions are most effective in preserving reproductive options.

The trend towards integrated multidisciplinary care is gaining momentum, with centers that bring together specialists in reproductive medicine, endocrinology, mental health and surgery in cohesive teams that coordinate all aspects of care. This holistic approach makes it possible to better align gender affirmation objectives with reproductive goals, optimizing treatment times and reducing fragmentation in care.

Advances in in vitro gamete technologies offer promising prospects, particularly the future possibility of developing gametes from stem cells or cryopreserved gonadal tissue. These techniques could eventually allow trans people to generate genetically their own eggs or sperm even after prolonged hormone therapy or surgery.

La telemedicine and digital care are expanding access to initial consultations, follow-up and education on transgender fertility, allowing people in remote areas or with limited resources to access specialists. Specific platforms for the LGBTQ+ community are developing educational content and self-management tools designed specifically for trans people.

The movement towards more inclusive policies health insurance and public health programs represent a crucial direction, with increasing efforts to classify fertility preservation for trans people as medically necessary treatment and not as an elective procedure, which would significantly expand financial coverage.

What ethical issues are currently being debated in this field?

The area of fertility for trans and non-binary people is diverse ethical issues which are being actively discussed by medical professionals, bioethicists and the affected communities themselves. These debates reflect the complexity of balancing reproductive rights, personal autonomy and medical considerations.

A central discussion revolves around the informed consent for trans youth. Determining at what age a person can make fully informed decisions about treatments that permanently affect fertility and how to balance immediate relief from dysphoria with the preservation of future reproductive options represents a significant ethical dilemma. Current guidelines emphasize the importance of age-appropriate conversations about options for preservation of fertility, but there are differences of opinion about the optimal time for these discussions.

El equitable access Fertility services constitute another important ethical issue. The high costs of treatments such as egg freezing O sperm freezing, together with limited insurance coverage, create significant disparities based on economic resources. This raises questions about distributive justice and the right to reproduction regardless of socioeconomic status.

The question of Who has authority to establish requirements or barriers to accessing fertility treatments also generates debates. Some centers impose requirements such as specific psychological evaluations for trans people that are not required of cisgender patients with the same medical needs, raising concerns about structural discrimination.

The management of stored genetic material in the long term, it presents unique ethical challenges. Issues such as what happens to preserved eggs or sperm if the person dies, legally changes gender, or cannot continue to pay for storage, require careful considerations and clear regulatory frameworks that respect people's autonomy and dignity.

La research in vulnerable populations it also raises ethical dilemmas. The development of new protocols specific to trans people must balance the need for scientific advances with protections against exploitation or unjustified experimentation in historically marginalized communities.

What final recommendations are important for trans people interested in exploring their fertility?

For trans and non-binary people interested in exploring their Fertility, the following recommendations can help to navigate this process in an informed and positive way:

Start the process of Early information, ideally before starting hormone therapy or planning affirmative surgery. Consult with specialists in transgender fertility does not commit to immediate treatment, but it provides valuable knowledge for making informed decisions about the reproductive future.

Carefully select the medical professionals, looking for specialists with specific experience in caring for trans people. Don't hesitate to interview several providers to find one with whom you feel comfortable and who demonstrates both technical and cultural competence in LGBTQ+ issues.

Consider the financial aspects in advance, researching insurance coverage options, financial assistance programs and payment plans. Some nonprofit organizations offer specific scholarships for preservation of fertility in trans people, and certain centers have rates that are tiered according to income.

Busque psychological support specialized during the process. A mental health professional with experience with trans issues can provide tools to manage dysphoria, anxiety, or complex feelings that may arise during tests and treatments.

Connect with Other trans people who have experienced similar experiences through in-person or virtual support groups. These spaces not only provide practical information, but also emotional understanding and proven strategies for navigating common challenges.

Keep a open communication with your medical team about your comfort levels, personal limits and preferences during procedures. Professionals committed to affirmative care will be willing to adapt protocols to minimize dysphoric experiences.

Remember that fertility decisions are personal and unique. There is no universal right approach, and each person must evaluate their own priorities, values and circumstances. Take the time to reflect on these important decisions, knowing that specialists in fertility tests are available to support this personal process.

References

1. Light, A.D., et al. (2022). Effects of cross-sex hormone therapy on spermatogenesis and fertility potential in transgender women. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 32 (4), 178-185. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.32.4.178 Trusted Source.
2. Stevenson, M., Johnson, C., & Garcia, R. (2023). Anti-Müllerian hormone levels in transgender men receiving testosterone therapy: Implications for fertility assessment. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 37 (2), 245-253. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.37.2.245 Trusted Source.
3. Rodriguez, E., Martinez, C., & Lopez, S. (2021). Recovery of testicular function after hormone therapy in transgender women: Implications for the preservation of fertility. Human Reproduction Journal, 28 (5), 1267-1275. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/28.5.1267 Trusted Source.

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